Alzheimer’s Disease Association with Metals and Metalloids Concentration in Blood and Urine

Loreta Strumylaite, Rima Kregzdyte, Odeta Kucikiene, Dale Baranauskiene, Vaida Simakauskiene, Rima Naginiene, Gyte Damuleviciene, Vita Lesauskaite and Reda Zemaitiene
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Loreta Strumylaite: Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Rima Kregzdyte: Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Odeta Kucikiene: Department of Geriatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Science, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Dale Baranauskiene: Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Vaida Simakauskiene: Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Rima Naginiene: Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
Gyte Damuleviciene: Department of Geriatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Science, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Vita Lesauskaite: Department of Geriatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Science, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Reda Zemaitiene: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 12, 1-11

Abstract: As there is some evidence that the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is partially attributable to environmental exposure to some metals and metalloids, we examined an association between AD and arsenic, chromium, and selenium in 53 AD patients and 217 controls. Urinary arsenic, blood chromium, and selenium were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Logistic regression models calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate AD association with arsenic, chromium, and selenium. In AD patients, urinary arsenic and blood chromium were significantly higher, while blood selenium was significantly lower compared to controls. Increased blood selenium was related to a significant decrease in the odds of AD after adjustment for risk factors. Blood selenium per 1 kg × 10 −9 /m 3 × 10 −4 increment was associated with 1.4 times lower risk of AD (OR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.58–0.87). A significant increase in the odds of AD associated with increased blood chromium was also seen in the adjusted model: the OR per 1 kg × 10 −9 /m 3 × 10 −3 chromium increment was 2.39 (95% CI 1.32–4.31). The association of urinary arsenic with the risk of AD was not significant. The data obtained provide evidence that selenium reduces the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, while chromium increases it.

Keywords: arsenic; chromium; selenium; Alzheimer’s disease (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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