Application of the Balance Model in the Analysis of Factors Responsible for Depressive Disorders among Women in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ewa Dobiała, Anna Gulczyńska, Rafał Małecki, Polina Efremova, Joanna Ławicka, Ewa Karmolińska-Jagodzik and Ivan Kirillov
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Ewa Dobiała: Positive Psychotherapy Center, ul. Leśna Osada 5, 64-100 Leszno, Poland
Anna Gulczyńska: Faculty of Educational Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Szmarzewskiego 89, 60-568 Poznan, Poland
Rafał Małecki: Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, Wroclaw Medical University, Center for Research and Development, Voivodeship Specialty Hospital, 51-124 Wroclaw, Poland
Polina Efremova: World Association for Positive and Transcultural Psychotherapy, Luisenstrasse 28, 65185 Wiesbaden, Germany
Joanna Ławicka: Fundacja Prodeste, ul. Pierwiosnkowa 6, 53-225 Wrocław, Poland
Ewa Karmolińska-Jagodzik: Faculty of Educational Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Szmarzewskiego 89, 60-568 Poznan, Poland
Ivan Kirillov: World Association for Positive and Transcultural Psychotherapy, Luisenstrasse 28, 65185 Wiesbaden, Germany

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 12, 1-10

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the lives and mental health of people around the world, and it has become clinically essential to define risk factors in order to provide adequate prevention and support. The aim of the study was to describe coping strategies in Polish women related to the COVID-19 pandemic using the balance model, one of the most important concepts of positive psychotherapy (PPT after Peseschkian since 1977). The analysis included 735 women at the mean age of 39.61 years. The survey was conducted using the questionnaire form on the website. Based on Beck’s depression test, depressive disorders were disclosed in 32.65%, and both the presence and severity of depressive syndromes were inversely correlated with age. Using a cluster analysis, three adaptation strategies could be identified, related to the different prevalence of depressive disorders. Relationships proved the most crucial area of the balance model, responsible for the effectiveness of the coping strategy. Based on the obtained results, it has to be concluded that preventive measures should primarily concern women aged < 25 years old and focus on strengthening the relationships area.

Keywords: positive psychotherapy; balance model; depression; COVID-19 pandemic; women (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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