γ-Polyglutamic Acid Production, Biocontrol, and Stress Tolerance: Multifunction of Bacillus subtilis A-5 and the Complete Genome Analysis

Naling Bai, Yu He, Hanlin Zhang, Xianqing Zheng, Rong Zeng, Yi Li, Shuangxi Li and Weiguang Lv
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Naling Bai: Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Yu He: Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Hanlin Zhang: Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Xianqing Zheng: Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Rong Zeng: Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Yi Li: Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
Shuangxi Li: Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Weiguang Lv: Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 13, 1-17

Abstract: Bacillus subtilis A-5 has the capabilities of high-molecular-weight γ-PGA production, antagonism to plant pathogenic fungi, and salt/alkaline tolerance. This multifunctional bacterium has great potential for enhancing soil fertility and plant security in agricultural ecosystem. The genome size of B. subtilis A-5 was 4,190,775 bp, containing 1 Chr and 2 plasmids (pA and pB) with 43.37% guanine-cytosine content and 4605 coding sequences. The γ-PGA synthase gene cluster was predicted to consist of pgsBCA and factor ( pgsE ). The γ-PGA-degrading enzymes were mainly pgdS, GGT, and cwlO. Nine gene clusters producing secondary metabolite substances, namely, four unknown function gene clusters and five antibiotic synthesis gene clusters (surfactin, fengycin, bacillibactin, subtilosin_A, and bacilysin), were predicted in the genome of B. subtilis A-5 using antiSMASH. In addition, B. subtilis A-5 contained genes related to carbohydrate and protein decomposition, proline synthesis, pyruvate kinase, and stress-resistant proteins. This affords significant insights into the survival and application of B. subtilis A-5 in adverse agricultural environmental conditions.

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis; genome analysis; ?-PGA production; pathogen antagonism; salinity/alkalinity tolerance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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