The Emerging Role of the Aging Process and Exercise Training on the Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Telomere Length

Victória Assis, Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto, Filipe M. Ribeiro, Rita de Cassia Marqueti, Octávio Luiz Franco, Samuel da Silva Aguiar and Bernardo Petriz
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Victória Assis: Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, University of Brasilia, Brasília 72220-275, Brazil
Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto: Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, University of Brasilia, Brasília 72220-275, Brazil
Filipe M. Ribeiro: Postgraduate Program in Physical Education–Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
Rita de Cassia Marqueti: Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Graduate Program of Sciences and Technology of Health, University of Brasilia, Brasília 72220-275, Brazil
Octávio Luiz Franco: Postgraduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Proteomic and Biochemical Analysis Center, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
Samuel da Silva Aguiar: Laboratory of Molecular Exercise Physiology–Physical Education Department, University Center–UDF, Brasília 70297-400, Brazil
Bernardo Petriz: Postgraduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Proteomic and Biochemical Analysis Center, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 13, 1-11

Abstract: Aging is a natural process of organism deterioration, which possibly impairs multiple physiological functions. These harmful effects are linked to an accumulation of somatic mutations, oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation, protein damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction. It is known that these factors are capable of inducing telomere shortening, as well as intestinal dysbiosis. Otherwise, among the biological mechanisms triggered by physical exercise, the attenuation of pro-inflammatory mediators accompanied by redox state improvement can be the main mediators for microbiota homeostasis and telomere wear prevention. Thus, this review highlights how oxidative stress, inflammation, telomere attrition, and gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis are interconnected. Above all, we provide a logical foundation for unraveling the role of physical exercise in this process. Based on the studies summarized in this article, exercise training can increase the biodiversity of beneficial microbial species, decrease low-grade inflammation and improve oxidative metabolism, these factors together possibly reduce telomeric shortening.

Keywords: gut microbiota; telomere length; exercise; aging (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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