Factors Predicting Tongue Pressure Decline among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Takashimadaira Study

Chika Takahashi, Masanori Iwasaki, Keiko Motokawa, Yutaka Watanabe, Misato Hayakawa, Yurie Mikami, Maki Shirobe, Hiroki Inagaki, Ayako Edahiro, Yuki Ohara, Hirohiko Hirano, Shoji Shinkai and Shuichi Awata
Additional contact information
Chika Takahashi: Department of Oral Health Sciences for Community Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
Masanori Iwasaki: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Keiko Motokawa: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Yutaka Watanabe: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Misato Hayakawa: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Yurie Mikami: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Maki Shirobe: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Hiroki Inagaki: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Ayako Edahiro: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Yuki Ohara: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Hirohiko Hirano: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Shoji Shinkai: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
Shuichi Awata: Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 13, 1-12

Abstract: A limited number of longitudinal studies have explored factors contributing to decreases in tongue pressure (TP). This longitudinal study aimed to clarify the factors affecting TP decline among community-dwelling older adults. We followed the Takashimadaira Study participants with a baseline TP ≥ 30 kPa for 2 years. A TP of <30 kPa at follow-up was defined as TP decline. We used Poisson regression with robust standard errors to explore the factors related to TP decline. The studied baseline variables were dental status, sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, appetite, medical conditions, physical function, cognitive status, and anthropometric and body composition characteristics. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) was used to adjust for selection bias. Overall, 357 individuals (159 men and 198 women) with a mean (standard deviation) age of 75.9 (4.1) years were included in the analyses. Of these, 59 study participants (16.5%) exhibited TP decline. After adjusting for baseline TP and applying IPW, poor appetite (incident rate ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.58 [1.01–2.48]), low skeletal muscle mass index (1.66 [1.02–2.70]), and cognitive impairment (1.93 [1.12–3.33]) were associated with TP decline. In conclusion, we demonstrated that baseline appetite, body composition, and cognitive status could predict future TP decline among community-dwelling older adults.

Keywords: epidemiology; geriatrics; longitudinal study; oral health (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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