Gender Differences and the Influence of Body Composition on Land and Pool-Based Assessments of Anaerobic Power and Capacity

Jacquelyn N. Zera, Elizabeth F. Nagle, Emma Connell, Erin Curtin, Wilmina Marget, Anna P. Simonson, Takashi Nagai, John Abt and Scott Lephart
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Jacquelyn N. Zera: Department of Exercise Science and Sport Studies, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH 44118, USA
Elizabeth F. Nagle: Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
Emma Connell: Veteran Affairs Puget Sound Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
Erin Curtin: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH 44118, USA
Wilmina Marget: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH 44118, USA
Anna P. Simonson: Department of Exercise Science and Sport Studies, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH 44118, USA
Takashi Nagai: Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
John Abt: Children’s Health Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Plano, TX 75024, USA
Scott Lephart: College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 13, 1-8

Abstract: Consistent differences between males and females have been shown in land-based measurements of anaerobic power and capacity. However, these differences have not been investigated for a tethered 30-s maximal swimming test (TST). The purpose of this study is to explore gender differences in land and pool-based assessments of anaerobic power (F peak ) and capacity (F mean ), as well as the influence of body composition. Thirteen males and fifteen females completed land (Wingate (WAnT)) and pool-based (TST) measures of anaerobic power and capacity previously described in the literature. Additionally, the subjects completed assessments of body composition via air displacement plethysmography. The males produced higher force than the females for F peak ( p < 0.001) and F mean ( p = 0.008) during the TST. However, linear regression analysis determined that lean mass significantly predicted F peak ( p = 0.002) and F mean ( p < 0.001) during the TST, while gender was no longer significant ( p = 0.694 and p = 0.136, respectively). In conclusion, increases in anaerobic power and capacity (F peak and F mean ) may be a function of increased lean mass in males and females, warranting future research on the impact of resistance training programs on force production and swimming performance.

Keywords: swimming; gender; force production (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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