Preliminary Study of the Antimicrobial, Anticoagulant, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Five Selected Plants with Therapeutic Application in Dentistry

Sonia M. López Villarreal, Joel H. Elizondo Luévano, Raymundo A. Pérez Hernández, Eduardo Sánchez García, María J. Verde Star, Roció Castro Ríos, Marsela Garza Tapia, Osvelia E. Rodríguez Luis and Abelardo Chávez Montes
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Sonia M. López Villarreal: Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
Joel H. Elizondo Luévano: Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
Raymundo A. Pérez Hernández: Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
Eduardo Sánchez García: Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
María J. Verde Star: Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
Roció Castro Ríos: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
Marsela Garza Tapia: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
Osvelia E. Rodríguez Luis: Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
Abelardo Chávez Montes: Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 13, 1-15

Abstract: The usefulness of traditional plants in Mexico to treat human ailments has been known since ancient times. This work evaluated the antimicrobial, anticoagulant, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory potential of ethanolic extracts of Aloe vera , Equisetum arvense , Mimosa tenuiflora , Lippia graveolens , and Syzygium aromaticum . The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sorbinus ; a significant inhibitory effect of the L. graveolens extract on both bacteria was observed at concentration levels of 250 µg/mL and greater. The anticoagulant activity was evaluated in terms of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), A. vera and M. tenuiflora extracts showed no significant difference ( p ˂ 0.05) in PT compared with the control, and for APTT the extracts of A. vera , L. graveolens , and S. aromaticum decreased the APTT significantly ( p ˂ 0.05) compared with the control. The antioxidant potential by DPPH assay indicated that the E. arvense extract behaved statistically the same as the control. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated in HGF-1 cells using the fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay technique, and none of the extracts was toxic at 125 and 250 µg/mL concentrations. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using ELISA, where the A. vera extract showed the best anti-inflammatory capacity. Further research on the search for bioactive metabolites and elucidation of action mechanisms of the most promising extracts will be carried out.

Keywords: antibacterial activity; anticoagulant activity; anti-inflammatory properties; interleukins; medicinal plants; natural extracts; traditional medicine (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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