Five-Year Trend of Measles and Its Associated Factors in Pahang, Malaysia: A Population-Based Study

Mohd Rujhan Hadfi Mat Daud, Nor Azwany Yaacob, Mohd Ismail Ibrahim and Wan Abdul Rahim Wan Muhammad
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Mohd Rujhan Hadfi Mat Daud: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
Nor Azwany Yaacob: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
Mohd Ismail Ibrahim: Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
Wan Abdul Rahim Wan Muhammad: Pahang State Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuantan 25582, Pahang, Malaysia

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 13, 1-10

Abstract: Measles is a disease that has resurfaced as a public health concern in Malaysia. Malaysia has had a Measles Elimination Program in place since 2004, but the incidence of measles in Pahang has not improved significantly. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence and trend of measles in Pahang, as well as to identify the risk factors. The five-year population-based surveillance data of the entire Pahang state was extracted and analyzed for the trend and incidence of measles from January 2016 to December 2020. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between measles and available sociodemographic data. A total of 2844 reported measles cases were investigated. Out of the measles cases reported, 7.41 percent were confirmed. According to the five-year fluctuating trend, the incidence rate ranges from 13.51 to 50.97 per 1,000,000 population. Confirmed measles was significantly associated with an indigenous background (AdjOR = 4.90, 95% CI: 1.74, 13.78), history of contact with measles cases (AdjOR = 14.03, 95% CI: 8.23, 23.90), and incomplete vaccination (AdjOR = 3.38, 95% CI: 2.28, 5.01). In conclusion, the incidence of measles in Pahang remains sporadic, owing to sporadic outbreaks. Vaccination is an important preventive measure that must reach out to the isolated populations such as indigenous people.

Keywords: measles; trend; incidence; associated factors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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