Association of Serum Levels of Plasticizers Compounds, Phthalates and Bisphenols, in Patients and Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Real Connection?

Mariana Segovia-Mendoza, Margarita Isabel Palacios-Arreola, Luz María Monroy-Escamilla, Alexandra Estela Soto-Piña, Karen Elizabeth Nava-Castro, Yizel Becerril-Alarcón, Roberto Camacho-Beiza, David Eduardo Aguirre-Quezada, Elías Cardoso-Peña, Omar Amador-Muñoz, José de Jesús Garduño-García and Jorge Morales-Montor
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Mariana Segovia-Mendoza: Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
Margarita Isabel Palacios-Arreola: Grupo de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
Luz María Monroy-Escamilla: Centro Nacional Hospital 20 de Noviembre, ISSTE, Col del Valle Sur, Ciudad de Mexico 03100, Mexico
Alexandra Estela Soto-Piña: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico
Karen Elizabeth Nava-Castro: Grupo de Biología y Química Ambientales, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
Yizel Becerril-Alarcón: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico
Roberto Camacho-Beiza: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico
David Eduardo Aguirre-Quezada: Unidad Médica Especializada para la Detección y Diagnóstico de Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México, Toluca 51760, Mexico
Elías Cardoso-Peña: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico
Omar Amador-Muñoz: Grupo de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
José de Jesús Garduño-García: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico
Jorge Morales-Montor: Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 13, 1-22

Abstract: Phthalates and bisphenols are ubiquitous environmental pollutants with the ability to perturb different systems. Specifically, they can alter the endocrine system, and this is why they are also known as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). Interestingly, they are related to the development and progression of breast cancer (BC), but the threshold concentrations at which they trigger that are not well established. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the concentration measures of parent EDCs in three groups of women (without BC, with BC, and BC survivors) from two urban populations in Mexico, to establish a possible association between EDCs and this disease. We consider the measure of the parent compounds would reflect the individual’s exposure. Methods: The levels of di-ethyl-hexyl-phthalate (DEHP), butyl-benzyl-phthalate (BBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-ethyl-phthalate (DEP), bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) were determined by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry in 102 subjects, including 37 women without any pathological disease, 46 patients with BC and 19 women survivals of BC of Mexico and Toluca City. Results: All phthalates were detected in 100% of women, two of them were significantly higher in patients with different BC subtypes in Mexico City. Differential increases were observed mainly in the serum concentration of phthalates in women with BC compared to women without disease between Mexico and Toluca City. In addition, when performing an analysis of the concentrations of phthalates by molecular type of BC, DEP and BBP were found mainly in aggressive and poorly differentiated types of BC. It should be noted that female BC survivors treated with anti-hormonal therapy showed lower levels of BBP than patients with BC. BPA and BPS were found in most samples from Mexico City. However, BPS was undetectable in women from Toluca City. Discussion: The results of our study support the hypothesis of a positive association between exposure to phthalates and BC incidence.

Keywords: breast cancer; serum levels; phthalates; bisphenols; endocrine-disrupting compounds (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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