Evaluation of Common Factors of Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with the Acute Coronary Syndrome

Elżbieta Dembowska, Aleksandra Jaroń, Ewa Gabrysz-Trybek, Joanna Bladowska and Grzegorz Trybek
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Elżbieta Dembowska: Departament of Periodontology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Aleksandra Jaroń: Department of Oral Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Ewa Gabrysz-Trybek: Indywidualna Specjalistyczna Praktyka Lekarska Ewa Gabrysz-Trybek, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Joanna Bladowska: Department of General and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 68, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland
Grzegorz Trybek: Department of Oral Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 13, 1-14

Abstract: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease causing inflammatory destruction of supporting structures of the dentition and eventually leading to its loss. This study was designed to evaluate common risk factors for periodontitis and acute coronary syndrome in the study population and demonstrate the systemic impact of periodontitis on the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome. A total of 160 patients (35 female and 125 male) were enrolled in the study. Considering the age range, the largest group of patients (118 patients) was between 55 and 65 years, which accounted for 73.8% of the total study population. There were 35 patients (21.9%) in the age group of 45 to 54 years, while the youngest age group of 35 to 44 years had as many as seven patients. Medical history and physical examination, including periodontal status, were performed. API, PD, CAL, and CPITN were evaluated. Common risk factors for periodontitis and acute coronary syndrome were assessed. The study assessed risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, general health, smoking, height, weight, and hip circumference. In light of the above-described etiopathogenesis of atherosclerotic disease and its association with periodontal disease, it is important to emphasize preventing and treating periodontitis, especially in patients in the so-called high-risk group for cardiovascular disease. Dentists’ introduction of an appropriate prophylactic and therapeutic plan may constitute both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords: periodontitis; cardiovascular disease; acute coronary syndrome; oral health (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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