Multi-Level System to Assess Toxicity in Water Distribution Plants

Gabriele Magara, Katia Varello, Paolo Pastorino, Danila Raffaella Francese, Paola Arsieni, Marzia Pezzolato, Loretta Masoero, Erika Messana, Barbara Caldaroni, Maria Cesarina Abete, Sabina Pederiva, Stefania Squadrone, Antonia Concetta Elia, Marino Prearo and Elena Bozzetta
Additional contact information
Gabriele Magara: Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Katia Varello: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Paolo Pastorino: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Danila Raffaella Francese: Azienda Sanitaria Locale TO3, ASL-TO3, Rivoli, 10098 Turin, Italy
Paola Arsieni: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Marzia Pezzolato: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Loretta Masoero: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Erika Messana: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Barbara Caldaroni: Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Maria Cesarina Abete: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Sabina Pederiva: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Stefania Squadrone: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Antonia Concetta Elia: Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Marino Prearo: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy
Elena Bozzetta: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Turin, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 14, 1-15

Abstract: The toxicity of water samples from water distribution plants needs to be investigated further. Indeed, studies on the pro-oxidant effects driven by tap water are very limited. In this study, the water quality, pro-oxidant effects, and potential health risks driven by exposure to groundwater samples from two water plants (sites A and B) located in Northwestern Italy were investigated in a multi-level system. Physicochemical parameters and the absence of pathogens, cyanotoxins, and endocrine active substances indicated a good water quality for both sites. The 25 metals analyzed were found under the limit of quantification or compliant with the maximum limits set by national legislation. Water samples were concentrated by the solid-phase extraction system in order to assess the aquatic toxicity on Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell line. Levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione reductase were evaluated through the Integrated Biomarkers Response (IBRv2) index. EPC cell line was found a sensible model for assessing the antioxidant responses driven by both water concentrates. A similar antioxidant response was shown by plots and IBRv2 suggesting a muted risk for the two sampling sites.

Keywords: Calux; cyanotoxins; EPC cell line; oxidative stress biomarkers; pathogens; water concentrates (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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