Analysis of Survival of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Espírito Santo, Brazil

Juliana Rodrigues Tovar Garbin, Franciéle Marabotti Costa Leite, Luís Carlos Lopes-Júnior, Cristiano Soares da Silva Dell’Antonio, Larissa Soares Dell’Antonio and Ana Paula Brioschi dos Santos
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Juliana Rodrigues Tovar Garbin: Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Espírito Santo, Special Epidemiological Surveillance Nucleus, Vitoria 29050-625, ES, Brazil
Franciéle Marabotti Costa Leite: Graduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria 29047-105, ES, Brazil
Luís Carlos Lopes-Júnior: Graduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria 29047-105, ES, Brazil
Cristiano Soares da Silva Dell’Antonio: Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo 01308-901, SP, Brazil
Larissa Soares Dell’Antonio: Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Espírito Santo, Special Epidemiological Surveillance Nucleus, Vitoria 29050-625, ES, Brazil
Ana Paula Brioschi dos Santos: Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Espírito Santo, Special Epidemiological Surveillance Nucleus, Vitoria 29050-625, ES, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 14, 1-16

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the survival of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and its associated factors. Methods: Retrospective study of survival analysis in individuals notified and hospitalized with COVID-19 in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. As data source, the reports of hospitalized patients in the period from 1 March 2020, to 31 July 2021 were used. The Cox regression analysis plus the proportional risk assessment (assumption) were used to compare hospitalization time until the occurrence of the event (death from COVID-19) associated with possible risk factors. Results: The sample comprised 9806 notifications of cases, with the occurrence of 1885 deaths from the disease (19.22%). The mean age of the group was 58 years (SD ± 18.3) and the mean hospital length of stay was 10.5 days (SD ± 11.8). The factors that presented a higher risk of death from COVID-19, associated with a lower survival rate, were non-work-related infection (HR = 4.33; p < 0.001), age group 60–79 years (HR: 1.62; p < 0.001) and 80 years or older (HR = 2.56; p < 0.001), presence of chronic cardiovascular disease (HR = 1.18; p = 0.028), chronic kidney disease (HR = 1.5; p = 0.004), smoking (HR = 1.41; p < 0.001), obesity (HR = 2.28; p < 0.001), neoplasms (HR = 1.81; p < 0.001) and chronic neurological disease (HR = 1.68; p < 0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that non-work-related infection, age group above or equal to 60 years, presence of chronic cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic neurological disease, smoking, obesity and neoplasms were associated with a higher risk of death, and, therefore, a lower survival in Brazilian patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The identification of priority groups is crucial for Health Surveillance and can guide prevention, control, monitoring, and intervention strategies against the new coronavirus.

Keywords: hospitalization; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; survival; risk factors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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