Effects of Particulate Matter on Inflammation and Thrombosis: Past Evidence for Future Prevention

Sasinee Hantrakool, Sirinart Kumfu, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn and Nipon Chattipakorn
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Sasinee Hantrakool: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Sirinart Kumfu: Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Siriporn C. Chattipakorn: Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Nipon Chattipakorn: Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 14, 1-26

Abstract: Ambient air pollution has become a common problem worldwide. Exposure to pollutant particles causes many health conditions, having a particular impact on pulmonary and cardiovascular disease. Increased understanding of the pathological processes related to these conditions may facilitate the prevention of the adverse impact of air pollution on our physical health. Evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies has consistently shown that exposure to particulate matter could induce the inflammatory responses such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, as well as enhancing the oxidative stress. These result in vascular injury, adhesion molecule release, platelet activation, and thrombin generation, ultimately leading to a prothrombotic state. In this review, evidence on the effects of particulate matter on inflammation, oxidative stress, adhesion molecules, and coagulation pathways in enhancing the risk of thrombosis is comprehensively summarized and discussed. The currently available outcomes of interventional studies at a cellular level and clinical reports are also presented and discussed.

Keywords: particulate matter; inflammation; oxidative stress; adhesion molecule; coagulation; thrombosis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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