A Therapeutic Approach Using the Combined Application of Virtual Reality with Robotics for the Treatment of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio, Lorena Muñoz-Pérez, Alvaro Alba-Rueda, Mariana Arias-Avila and Daiana Priscila Rodrigues- de-Souza
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Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio: Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
Lorena Muñoz-Pérez: Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
Alvaro Alba-Rueda: Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
Mariana Arias-Avila: Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
Daiana Priscila Rodrigues- de-Souza: Physiotherapy Section, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 14, 1-15

Abstract: Spinal cord injury (SCI) has been associated with high mortality rates. Thanks to the multidisciplinary vision and approach of SCI, including the application of new technologies in the field of neurorehabilitation, people with SCI can survive and prosper after injury. The main aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effectiveness of the combined use of VR and robotics in the treatment of patients with SCI. The literature search was performed between May and July 2021 in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), PubMed, and Web of Science. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the SCIRE system and the PEDro scale, whereas the risk of bias was analyzed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. A total of six studies, involving 63 participants, were included in this systematic review. Relevant changes were found in the upper limbs, with improvements of shoulder and upper arm mobility, as well as the strengthening of weaker muscles. Combined rehabilitation may be a valuable approach to improve motor function in SCI patients. Nonetheless, further research is necessary, with a larger patient sample and a longer duration.

Keywords: spinal cord injury; virtual reality; robotic devices; brain–machine interface; physical therapy; systematic review; rehabilitation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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