Rasch Modeling and Differential Item Functioning of the Self-Stigma Scale-Short Version among People with Three Different Psychiatric Disorders

Chia-Wei Fan, Kun-Chia Chang, Kuan-Ying Lee, Wen-Chi Yang, Amir H. Pakpour, Marc N. Potenza and Chung-Ying Lin
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Chia-Wei Fan: Department of Occupational Therapy, AdventHealth University, Orlando, FL 32803, USA
Kun-Chia Chang: Department of General Psychiatry, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan 71742, Taiwan
Kuan-Ying Lee: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan 71742, Taiwan
Wen-Chi Yang: Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
Amir H. Pakpour: Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, SE-551 11 Jönköping, Sweden
Marc N. Potenza: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
Chung-Ying Lin: Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 14, 1-15

Abstract: Self-stigma is prevalent in individuals with psychiatric disorders and can profoundly affect people. A unified assessment with sound psychometric properties is needed for evaluating self-stigma across psychiatric conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Self-Stigma Scale-Short version (SSS-S) using Rasch modeling. Six-hundred and twelve participants with substance use disorders ( n = 319), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( n = 100), and schizophrenia ( n = 193) completed the SSS-S. Rasch results confirmed the unidimensionality of the nine items of the SSS-S. The four-point Likert scale of the SSS-S reflected monotonical increases along the self-stigma continuum. No ceiling or floor effects were detected. Among the three subdomains of the SSS-S, cognitive items appeared to be the most robustly endorsed, and behavioral items were the least endorsed. Two items in the SSS-S displayed differential item functioning across the three diagnoses. Additionally, SSS-S scores showed weak to moderate correlation with depression, anxiety, and stress scale scores. The SSS-S had overall satisfactory psychometric properties. Healthcare professionals may use this assessment to assess self-stigma in multiple psychiatric groups, and information gained may facilitate improved care.

Keywords: self-stigma; substance-related disorders; addictive behaviors; impulsivity; psychotic disorders; Rasch; psychometric testing; validity; differential item functioning (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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