Well-Trained Elders Have Antioxidant Responses and an Equal Magnitude of EIMD as Young Adults

Eva Tékus, Nikolett Lilla Szénási, Edina Szabó, Zoltan Heckel, Tibor Mintál, Tamas Kőszegi, Tamas Atlasz, Zoltan Gazdag, Mark Váczi and Marta Wilhelm
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Eva Tékus: Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
Nikolett Lilla Szénási: Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
Edina Szabó: Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
Zoltan Heckel: Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
Tibor Mintál: Sports Medicine Center, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7632 Pecs, Hungary
Tamas Kőszegi: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
Tamas Atlasz: Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
Zoltan Gazdag: Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
Mark Váczi: Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
Marta Wilhelm: Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pecs, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 15, 1-9

Abstract: Aim The aim of the study was to investigate acute and chronic effects of a two-week eccentric concentric, dynamometric training concerning the time-course changes of blood antioxidant parameters (total antioxidant capacity, catalase enzyme activity, thiol concentration), and to compare the adaptability of young and older muscle to this type of training. Methods Seventeen moderately trained young and older men participated in this research. Subjects performed six eccentric concentric exercise bouts during the training period and maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque, plasma CK and intensity of muscle soreness were determined before and 24 h after the first exercise. During five testing sessions (baseline, 24 h, 48 h, week 1, week 2) the level of blood antioxidants were measured. Results No significant changes were registered in total antioxidant capacity and catalase enzyme activity for any time points; furthermore, no difference was found between groups during the training period. However, total thiol concentrations measured two weeks after the first exercise bout significantly differed between the young and elderly groups. Plasma CK and the subjective intensity of soreness elevated significantly 24 h following the first training, while maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque decreased at the same time. Conclusions Our results do not support previous findings that chronic, short-term eccentric concentric training programs enhance the antioxidant defense of well-trained older and young men. This type and setting of exercise did not cause a different time course of changes in the markers of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in the studied population. Subjects may already have adapted to maintain constant levels of antioxidants and isometric torque due to their active lifestyle.

Keywords: antioxidants; eccentric; older adult; muscle damage; thiol (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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