Parental Distress and Affective Perception of Hospital Environment after a Pictorial Intervention in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Erica Neri, Federica Genova, Marcello Stella, Alessandra Provera, Augusto Biasini and Francesca Agostini
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Erica Neri: Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
Federica Genova: Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
Marcello Stella: Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maurizio Bufalini Hospital, 47521 Cesena, Italy
Alessandra Provera: Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
Augusto Biasini: Donor Human Milk Bank Italian Association (AIBLUD), 20126 Milan, Italy
Francesca Agostini: Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 15, 1-13

Abstract: Pictorial humanization is a useful intervention for the improvement of hospitalized patients’ affective states. Despite benefits in many hospital wards having been well documented, so far, no attention was paid to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of distress and the affective perception of the environment experienced by parents of infants hospitalized in a NICU after the implementation of an intervention of pictorial humanization. A sample of 48 parents was recruited, 25 before the intervention was performed (Control Group), and 23 after its implementation (Pictorial Humanization Group). All parents completed the “Rapid Stress Assessment Scale” and “Scales of the Affective Quality Attributed to Place” questionnaires. Despite results showing no significant differences on parental distress, after implementation of pictorial intervention parents reported a perception of the NICU as significantly more pleasant, exciting, and arousing, and less distressing, unpleasant, gloomy, and sleepy. A higher level of distress and a perception of the environment as less relaxing was predicted for the Control Group condition. The present study suggests that the pictorial intervention represents a useful technique to create more welcoming hospital environments and to reduce the negative effects associated with infant hospitalization.

Keywords: pictorial intervention; hospital environment; NICU; preterm birth; parental distress; affective perception of environment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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