Chinese Residents’ Healthy Eating Intentions and Behaviors: Based on an Extended Health Belief Model

Yiqin Wang, Xiaowei Wen, Ying Zhu, Yanling Xiong and Xuefan Liu
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Yiqin Wang: College of Economics & Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Xiaowei Wen: College of Economics & Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Ying Zhu: College of Economics & Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Yanling Xiong: College of Economics & Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Xuefan Liu: College of Economics & Management, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 15, 1-17

Abstract: Unhealthy eating is one cause of obesity and some chronic non-communicable diseases. This study introduces self-efficacy and health consciousness to construct an extended health belief model (HBM) to examine the factors influencing healthy eating intentions and behaviors of Chinese residents and explore the moderating effect of perceived barriers and the mediating effect of healthy eating intentions. Through the survey platform “Questionnaire Star”, this study collected quantitative data from 1281 adults, and partial least squares structural equation modeling was used for confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis, importance-performance map analysis, and multi-group analysis. Results showed that perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and health consciousness had a significant positive effect on residents’ healthy eating intentions. Perceived barriers had a significant negative effect on residents’ healthy eating intentions. Healthy eating intentions had a significant positive effect on healthy eating behaviors. Perceived barriers played a significant negative moderating effect between healthy eating intentions and behaviors. Healthy eating intentions had a positive and significant mediating effect. The multi-group analysis showed that extended HBM has relative generalization ability. The extended HBM has good explanatory and predictive power for healthy diet and provides a new framework for understanding the influencing factors of individuals’ healthy eating intentions and behaviors.

Keywords: health consciousness; health belief model; healthy eating intentions and behaviors; partial least squares structural equation modeling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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