The Combination of Sleep Disorders and Depression Significantly Increases Cancer Risk: A Nationwide Large-Scale Population-Based Study

Fang-Chin Hsu, Chih-Hsiung Hsu, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Ta-Wei Pu, Pi-Kai Chang, Tzu-Chiao Lin, Shu-Wen Jao, Chao-Yang Chen, Wu-Chien Chien and Je-Ming Hu
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Fang-Chin Hsu: Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
Chih-Hsiung Hsu: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
Chi-Hsiang Chung: School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
Ta-Wei Pu: Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Songshan Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
Pi-Kai Chang: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
Tzu-Chiao Lin: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
Shu-Wen Jao: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
Chao-Yang Chen: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
Wu-Chien Chien: School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
Je-Ming Hu: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 15, 1-14

Abstract: Introduction: Sleep disorders, depression, and cancer have become increasingly prevalent worldwide. However, it is unknown whether coexistence of sleep disorders and depression influences the risk of cancer development. Therefore, we conducted a nationwide population-based study to examine this association among patients in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: A total of 105,071 individuals diagnosed with cancer and 420,284 age- and sex-matched patients without a diagnosis of cancer between 2000 and 2015 were identified from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. The underlying chronic diseases of patients that may developed cancer were gathered and studied as the predictor . A multivariate Cox proportional odds model was used to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to estimate the interaction effect between sleep disorders and depression on the risk of cancer. Results: After adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and other covariates, the cancer group was associated with increased exposure to sleep disorders than the non-cancer group (aOR = 1.440, 95% CI = 1.392–1.489, p < 0.001). In addition, patients with both sleep disorders and depression were at an even higher risk for cancer than the general population (aOR = 6.857, p < 0.001). Conclusions: This retrospective cohort study shows that patients with both sleep disorders and depression are at a higher risk of cancer. Clinically, a meticulous cancer risk evaluation is recommended for patients with both sleep disorders and depression.

Keywords: sleep disorder; depression; cancer (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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