Mediator Effect of Cardiorespiratory Fitness on the Association between Physical Activity and Lung Function in Adults: Cross-Sectional Results from the Epimov Study

Thatiane Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale Ostolin, Bárbara de Barros Gonze, Evandro Fornias Sperandio, Rodolfo Leite Arantes, Marcello Romiti and Victor Zuniga Dourado
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Thatiane Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale Ostolin: Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil
Bárbara de Barros Gonze: Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil
Evandro Fornias Sperandio: Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil
Rodolfo Leite Arantes: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Angiocorpore Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine, Santos 11075-350, SP, Brazil
Marcello Romiti: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Angiocorpore Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine, Santos 11075-350, SP, Brazil
Victor Zuniga Dourado: Department of Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 15, 1-14

Abstract: We investigated whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) mediates the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and lung function in asymptomatic adults. We examined the cross-sectional results of 1362 adults aged 18–80 years from the Epidemiology and Human Movement Study. Participants were submitted to spirometry to obtain forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1). Additionally, we used cardiopulmonary exercise testing to obtain peak oxygen uptake ( V ˙ O 2 ) as a measure of CRF. Participants used a triaxial accelerometer for 4–7 days to obtain MVPA. Mediation analyses were performed considering the CRF as a mediator, MVPA as an independent variable, and FVC and FEV1 as dependent variables with adjustment for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk score. We aimed to investigate the total (path c) and direct (paths a, b, c’) effects through the regression coefficients. We also examined the indirect effect, which was obtained from the product of the coefficients (path ab). Our sample was composed mainly of overweight and middle-aged women. MVPA was positively related to CRF (path a), as well as CRF and lung function (path b). MVPA also presented a significant positive total effect (path c) in the lung function. However, this relationship became non-significant when CRF was included in the model for both FVC and FEV1 (path c’). We did not observe a direct effect of MVPA on the lung function. In contrast, the indirect effect was significant (path ab). Lastly, CRF mediated 60% of the total effect of MVPA on FVC and 61.9% on FEV1. CRF mediates the relationship between lung function and MVPA in asymptomatic adults. Therefore, our results reinforce the need to include CRF assessment in practice clinical routine and suggest that strategies focusing on CRF might be more promising to prevent respiratory diseases in adults.

Keywords: physical fitness; spirometry; cardiopulmonary exercise test; vital capacity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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