Quadrivalent Vaccines for the Immunization of Adults against Influenza: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Alice Mannocci, Andrea Pellacchia, Rossella Millevolte, Manuela Chiavarini and Chiara de Waure
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Alice Mannocci: Faculty of Economics, Universitas Mercatorum, 00186 Rome, Italy
Andrea Pellacchia: Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
Rossella Millevolte: Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
Manuela Chiavarini: Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
Chiara de Waure: Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 15, 1-11

Abstract: Vaccination is the most effective intervention to prevent influenza. Adults at risk of complications are among the targets of the vaccination campaigns and can be vaccinated with different types of quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVs). In the light of assessing the relative immunogenicity and efficacy of different QIVs, a systematic review was performed. Randomized controlled trials conducted in adults aged 18–64 years until 30 March 2021 were searched through three databases (Medline, Cochrane Library and Scopus). Twenty-four RCTs were eventually included. After data extraction, a network meta-analysis was not applicable due to the lack of common comparators. However, in the presence of at least two studies, single meta-analyses were performed to evaluate immunogenicity and efficacy; on the contrary, data from single studies were considered. Seroconversion rate for H1N1 was higher for standard QIVs, while for the remaining strains it was higher for low-dose adjuvanted QIVs. For seroprotection rate, the recombinant vaccine recorded the highest values for H3N2, while for the other strains, the cell-based QIVs achieved better results. In general, standard and cell-based QIVs showed an overall good immunogenicity profile. Nevertheless, as a relative comparative analysis was not possible, further research would be deserved.

Keywords: influenza vaccination; quadrivalent influenza vaccines; adults; immunogenicity; systematic review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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