Brief Screening for Distress among Healthcare Professionals: Psychometric Properties of the Physician Well-Being Index—Spanish Version

Rebeca Robles, Ana Fresán, Natasha Alcocer-Castillejos, Janet Real-Ramírez and Silvia Morales-Chainé
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Rebeca Robles: Global Mental Health Research Center, Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
Ana Fresán: Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Subdirectorate of Clinical Research, Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
Natasha Alcocer-Castillejos: Neurology and Psychiatry Department, Salvador Zubirán National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
Janet Real-Ramírez: School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City 62100, Mexico
Silvia Morales-Chainé: Psychology Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 15, 1-11

Abstract: Background: The Physician Well-Being Index (PWBI) is a brief, valid, reliable self-assessment instrument to identify health professionals’ distress and those in need of an intervention. Objective: to evaluate the construct, predictive validity (of depression, suicidal ideation, insomnia, and generalized anxiety), and internal consistency of the 7-item Spanish version of the PWBI (PWBI-S). Methods: out of a national population of approximately 1 million Mexican healthcare professionals, a sample of 3506 subjects (42.0% physicians, 28.7% nurses and 29.3% psychologists) completed an online survey between 17 April and 7 May 2020, at the time of the COVID-19 case cluster transmission scenario in Mexico. Results: In the three sub-samples, PWBI-S’s Confirmatory factor analyses (adding residual covariances) exhibited adequate goodness of fit indices for the PWBS original unidimensional model. Overall Cronbach’s alphas were 0.89 for physicians, 0.90 for nurses, and 0.86 for psychologists. Univariate logistic regression models showed that a cutoff point of 3 on the total score of the PWBI-S was generally related to the presence of depression, suicidal ideation, and insomnia, but not with generalized anxiety among nurses and psychologists. When trying with a cutoff point of 3, a relationship with GA was shown in psychologists, but not in nurses. Conclusions: our findings suggest that PWBI-S is a valid, reliable measure for clinical and research purposes in the field.

Keywords: healthcare workers; mental health; distress; evaluation; Well-being Index (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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