Comparison of Cholangiocarcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence Trends from 1993 to 2012 in Lampang, Thailand

Pianpian Cao, Laura S. Rozek, Donsuk Pongnikorn, Hutcha Sriplung and Rafael Meza
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Pianpian Cao: Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Laura S. Rozek: Department of Environment Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Donsuk Pongnikorn: Lampang Cancer Hospital, Lampang 52000, Thailand
Hutcha Sriplung: Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
Rafael Meza: Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 15, 1-11

Abstract: Liver cancer is the most common cancer in Northern Thailand, mainly due to the dietary preference for raw fish, which can lead to infection by the parasite, O. viverrini , a causal agent of cholangiocarcinoma. We conducted a temporal trend analysis of cross-sectional incidence rates of liver cancer in Lampang, Northern Thailand. Liver cancer data from 1993–2012 were extracted from Lampang Cancer Registry. The multiple imputation by chained equations method was used to impute missing histology data. Imputed data were analyzed using Joinpoint and age-period-cohort (APC) models to characterize the incidence rates by gender, region, and histology, considering hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). We observed a significant annual increase in CCA incidence and a considerable decrease in HCC incidence for both genders in Lampang. The APC analysis suggested that CCA incidence rates were higher in older ages, younger cohorts, and later years of diagnosis. In contrast, HCC incidence rates were higher in older generations and earlier years of diagnosis. Further studies of potential risk factors of CCA are needed to better understand and address the increasing burden of CCA in Lampang. Our findings may help to draw public attention to cholangiocarcinoma prevention and control in Northern Thailand.

Keywords: liver cancer; cholangiocarcinoma; hepatocellular carcinoma; O. viverrini infection; liver fluke; Jointpoint analysis; age-period-cohort model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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