Why Is Health Care for Children with Down Syndrome So Crucial from the First Days of Life? A Retrospective Cohort Study Emphasized Transient Abnormal Myelopoiesis (TAM) Syndrome at Three Centers

Gabriela Telman, Patrycja Sosnowska-Sienkiewicz (), Ewa Strauss, Jan Mazela, Przemysław Mańkowski and Danuta Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska
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Gabriela Telman: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Street 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
Patrycja Sosnowska-Sienkiewicz: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Traumatology and Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Street 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
Ewa Strauss: Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska Street 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
Jan Mazela: Department of Newborns’ Infectious Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna Street 33, 60-535 Poznań, Poland
Przemysław Mańkowski: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Traumatology and Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Street 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
Danuta Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Street 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 15, 1-7

Abstract: Down syndrome (DS) is a common genetic disorder and is associated with an increased likelihood of many diseases, including defects of the heart, genitourinary system, gastrointestinal tract, and oncological diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze medical problems occurring in newborns with DS and to create a basic diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm intended primarily for neonatologists, pediatricians, family physicians, and physicians of other specialties caring for children with DS. Over a 5-year period, the medical records of 161 neonates with Down syndrome from four neonatology departments in Poznan, Poland, were examined. After applying exclusion criteria, 111 patients were analyzed. Data obtained from medical history included sex, week of gestation, birth weight, APGAR score, clinical symptoms, peripheral blood count with smear, and clinical features such as jaundice, hemorrhagic diathesis, ascites, hepato- or splenomegaly, pericardial or pleural effusion, respiratory failure, and other rare transient signs of abnormal myelopoiesis: fetal edema, hepatic fibrosis, renal failure, and rush. In the study group, 8% of children with Down syndrome were diagnosed with a heart and 1.8% with a genitourinary defect. Transient abnormal myelopoiesis syndrome (Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM)) was found in 10% of newborns with DS. A blood count with blood smear, cardiology consultation with echocardiography, and an abdominal ultrasound should be performed in the first few days after birth in all newborns with Down syndrome. If this is not possible and the child’s condition is stable, these tests can be performed within 2–3 months after birth.

Keywords: Down syndrome; myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome; parent education; therapeutic algorithm; transient abnormal myelopoiesis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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