Cardiovascular Anomalies among 1005 Fetuses Referred to Invasive Prenatal Testing—A Comprehensive Cohort Study of Associated Chromosomal Aberrations

Anna Wójtowicz (), Anna Madetko-Talowska, Wojciech Wójtowicz, Katarzyna Szewczyk, Hubert Huras and Mirosław Bik-Multanowski
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Anna Wójtowicz: Department of Obstetrics & Perinatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland
Anna Madetko-Talowska: Department of Medical Genetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
Wojciech Wójtowicz: Information Technology Systems Department, Faculty of Management and Social Communication, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Szewczyk: Department of Medical Genetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland
Hubert Huras: Department of Obstetrics & Perinatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland
Mirosław Bik-Multanowski: Department of Medical Genetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Kraków, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 16, 1-15

Abstract: This retrospective cohort study comprehensively evaluates cardiovascular anomalies (CVAs) and associated extracardiac structural malformations (ECMs) among 1005 fetuses undergoing invasive prenatal testing at a single tertiary Polish center in the context of chromosomal aberrations detected in them by array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and G-band karyotyping. The results of our study show that CVAs are among the most common malformations detected in fetuses undergoing invasive prenatal testing, as they affected 20% of all cases seen in our department. Septal defects predominated among fetuses with numerical aberrations, while conotruncal defects were the most common findings among fetuses with pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs). In 61% of cases, CVAs were associated with ECMs (the diagnosis was confirmed postnatally or in cases of pregnancy termination by means of autopsy). The most common ECMs were anomalies of the face and neck, followed by skeletal defects. In total, pathogenic chromosomal aberrations were found in 47.5% of CVAs cases, including 38.6% with numerical chromosomal aberrations. Pathogenic CNVs accounted for 14.5% of cases with CVAs and normal karyotype. Thus, our study highlights the importance of assessing the anatomy of the fetus, and of the genetic testing (preferably aCGH) that should be offered in all CVA and ECM cases.

Keywords: congenital heart defect; vascular anomaly; array comparative genomic hybridization; copy number variants; prenatal diagnosis; ultrasound (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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