Risk of Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease with Periodontitis and Dental Scaling: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Ying-Ting Yeh, Yen-Shuo Tseng, Yi-Liang Wu, Shun-Fa Yang, Bo-Yuan Wang, Yu-Hsun Wang, Liang-Tsai Yeh, Ying-Tung Yeh () and Chi-Ho Chan ()
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Ying-Ting Yeh: School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
Yen-Shuo Tseng: Department of Dermatology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
Yi-Liang Wu: School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
Shun-Fa Yang: Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
Bo-Yuan Wang: School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
Yu-Hsun Wang: Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
Liang-Tsai Yeh: Department of Anesthesiology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
Ying-Tung Yeh: School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
Chi-Ho Chan: Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 16, 1-11

Abstract: Periodontitis (PD) is a common oral disease associated with various other diseases, particularly those affecting the cardiovascular system. This study explored whether peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) is associated with PD and dental scaling. This study was a retrospective cohort study design from 2000 to 2018. The study population was newly diagnosed with periodontitis. The comparison group was defined as never diagnosed with periodontitis. The outcome variable was defined with the diagnosis of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). The propensity score matching was performed by age, sex, comorbidities, and dental scaling between the two groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to calculate the cumulative incidence of PAOD among the two groups. To perform the independent risk of the PAOD group, the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratios. First, 792,681 patients with PD and 458,521 patients with no history of PD were selected from Taiwan’s Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, which comprises the data of two million beneficiaries. After propensity score matching between the PD and non-PD groups for age, sex, comorbidities, and dental scaling, 357,106 patients in each group were analyzed for PAOD risk. The incidence density, relative risk, and cumulative incidence of PAOD were higher in the PD group than in the non-PD group. After adjusting for all variables, the risk of PAOD for the PD group was greater than for the non-PD group (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.06). Undergoing at least one dental scaling procedure reduced the risk of PAOD. Age over 65 years was also a risk factor. In conclusion, patients with PD have an increased risk of PAOD. In addition, our results can lead to increased attention to oral hygiene, as dental scaling has a trend towards a lower risk of PAOD.

Keywords: periodontitis; peripheral arterial occlusive diseases; dental scaling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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