Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Haemodialysis Patients: Spike’s Ab Response and the Influence of BMI and Age

Pedro Ponce, Ricardo Peralta, Carla Felix, Carla Pinto, Bruno Pinto and João Fazendeiro Matos ()
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Pedro Ponce: Country Medical, NephroCare Portugal, Fresenius Medical Care Portugal, 1750-233 Lisboa, Portugal
Ricardo Peralta: Direção de Enfermagem, NephroCare Portugal, Fresenius Medical Care Portugal, 4470-573 Porto, Portugal
Carla Felix: Direção de Enfermagem, NephroCare Portugal, Fresenius Medical Care Portugal, 4470-573 Porto, Portugal
Carla Pinto: Country Medical, NephroCare Portugal, Fresenius Medical Care Portugal, 1750-233 Lisboa, Portugal
Bruno Pinto: Direção de Enfermagem, NephroCare Portugal, Fresenius Medical Care Portugal, 4470-573 Porto, Portugal
João Fazendeiro Matos: Direção de Enfermagem, NephroCare Portugal, Fresenius Medical Care Portugal, 4470-573 Porto, Portugal

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 16, 1-10

Abstract: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD-5D) in dialysis have been associated with higher rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Objective: To identify the CKD-5D patients’ immune system behavior regarding the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2 mRNA) vaccine (Comirnaty©). This was a multicenter study carried out in 38 dialysis units in NephroCare Portugal. Eligible patients from two cohorts—one composed of completely vaccinated patients with Comirnaty© (vaccinated group) against a second cohort of patients who recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection (control group)—were selected through representative sampling for each cohort. Humoral response was assessed at 3 (t0) and 6 months (t1) after complete vaccination and, in the control group, 6 months after COVID-19 recovery. In the vaccinated group, at t0, the median anti-Spike IgG level was 1120 AU/mL and, at t1, all participants’ antibody level decreased to a median of 455 AU/mL. In the control group, the median serum SARS-CoV-2 antibodies level was 1836 AU/mL. In the vaccinated group, at t0, patients < 70 years presented a significantly ( p = 0.002) higher level of anti-Spike IgG titres. In contrast, older patients from the control group presented a significantly ( p = 0.038) higher IgG. No correlation was found between age and anti-Spike IgG antibodies level in any of the studied groups. Patients with a higher body mass index showed a greater immune response in both the vaccinated and control group, although without significance. We concluded that, in the vaccinated group, elderly patients developed a lower immune response than younger patients and the levels of anti-Spike IgG antibodies declined faster between t0 and t1, while in the control group, the oldest and overweight patients developed the best humoral response.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; vaccine; antibody; immunity; dialysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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