Spatial Distribution, Potential Risks and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in the Coastal Sediments of the Northern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

Changping Yang (), Liangming Wang, Yan Liu, Binbin Shan and Dianrong Sun ()
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Changping Yang: Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
Liangming Wang: Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
Yan Liu: Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
Binbin Shan: Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
Dianrong Sun: Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 16, 1-14

Abstract: Thirty samples of surface sediments (0–5 cm) from the northern Beibu Gulf were analyzed to determine the spatial distribution, potential risks and sources of six heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb). The concentrations (mg/kg, dw) of Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were 15.38 ± 6.06, 6.54 ± 3.23, 41.86 ± 17.03, 6.92 ± 2.75, 0.04 ± 0.02 and 17.13 ± 6.38, respectively. Higher levels of Cr, Cu, Cd and Zn were observed in the western part of the study area. According to the potential ecological risk indexes and sediment quality guidelines, the measured metals were assessed at low contamination levels, with Pb posing the largest ecological risks. The results of positive matrix factorization (PMF) indicated that Cr and Zn mainly originated from natural geological background sources, while Cu, As, Cd and Pb were influenced by anthropogenic sources such as atmospheric deposition and anthropogenic activities. These three sources contributed 60.4%, 28.1% and 11.5% of the heavy metals, respectively. In addition, further research should be conducted focusing on the general relationships between As and various controls in sediments of the northern Beibu Gulf.

Keywords: heavy metals; distribution; ecological risks; sources; Beibu Gulf (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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