Ketogenic Diet Benefits to Weight Loss, Glycemic Control, and Lipid Profiles in Overweight Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trails

Chong Zhou, Meng Wang, Jiling Liang, Guomin He () and Ning Chen ()
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Chong Zhou: School of Journalism and Communication, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
Meng Wang: Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
Jiling Liang: Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
Guomin He: School of Economics and Management, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
Ning Chen: Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 16, 1-12

Abstract: A ketogenic diet, characterized by low calories with high levels of fat, adequate levels of protein, and low levels of carbohydrates, has beneficial effects on body weight control in overweight patients. In the present study, a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the role of a ketogenic diet in body weight control and glycemic management in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In summary, we systematically reviewed articles from the Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases and obtained eight randomized controlled trials for meta-analysis. The results show that a ketogenic diet had significantly beneficial effects on the loss of body weight (SMD, −5.63, p = 0.008), the reduction of waist circumference (SMD, −2.32, p = 0.04), lowering glycated hemoglobin (SMD, −0.38, p = 0.0008) and triglycerides (SMD, −0.36, p = 0.0001), and increasing high-density lipoproteins (SMD, 0.28, p = 0.003). Overall, these results suggest that a ketogenic diet may be an effective dietary intervention for body weight and glycemic control, as well as improved lipid profiles in overweight patients with T2DM. Hence, a ketogenic diet can be recommended for the therapeutic intervention of overweight patients with T2DM.

Keywords: glycemic management; body weight control; very low-carbohydrate diet; glycated hemoglobin; high-density lipoprotein; therapeutic intervention (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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