Adherence to Carbohydrate Counting Improved Diet Quality of Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus during Social Distancing Due to COVID-19

Gabriela Correia Uliana (), Manuela Maria De Lima Carvalhal, Talita Nogueira Berino, Aline Leão Reis, Karem Miléo Felício, João Soares Felício and Daniela Lopes Gomes
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Gabriela Correia Uliana: Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Manuela Maria De Lima Carvalhal: Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Talita Nogueira Berino: Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Aline Leão Reis: Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Karem Miléo Felício: Postgraduate Program in Attention and Clinical Study in Diabetes, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
João Soares Felício: Postgraduate Program in Attention and Clinical Study in Diabetes, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
Daniela Lopes Gomes: Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 16, 1-10

Abstract: To control glycemic variability in people with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), it is essential to perform carbohydrate counting (CC), a strategy that ensures better quality of life for these patients. Thus, this study aims to analyze potential factors associated with adherence to CC in adults with T1DM during social distancing due to COVID-19 in Brazil. This was a single cross-sectional study carried out in July 2020. An online form was used to collect sociodemographic and economic data on the purchasing of supplies and food, as well as social distancing. The Chi-square test was performed with adjusted residuals analysis and a binomial logistic regression analysis ( p < 0.05). Of 472 adults, 37.71% reported performing CC in the same frequency as before social distancing. There was an association between performance of CC and the type of city ( p = 0.027), family income ( p = 0.000), use of financial emergency aid ( p = 0.045), type of insulin administration and glycemic monitoring ( p < 0.000), and cooking more ( p = 0.012). Participants who maintained or reduced consumption of ultra-processed foods were 0.62 times more likely to adhere to CC (OR 0.626, 95% IC: 0.419–0.935) and participants who cooked more were 1.67 times more likely to adhere to CC (OR 1.67, 95% CI: 1.146–2.447). There are still people with T1DM who did not know about and did not use CC method, which highlights the need for diabetes education.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; carbohydrates; COVID-19; social distancing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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