Assessment of Magnetic Nanomaterials for Municipality Wastewater Treatment Using Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) Tests

Gloria Amo-Duodu (), Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh, Sudesh Rathilal and Martha Noro Chollom
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Gloria Amo-Duodu: Green Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh: Green Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
Sudesh Rathilal: Green Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
Martha Noro Chollom: Green Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 16, 1-10

Abstract: Wastewater as a substrate potential for producing renewable energy in the form of biogas is gaining global attention. Herein, nanomaterials can be utilised as a nutrient source for microorganisms for anaerobic digestion activity. Therefore, this study explored the impact of seven different magnetic nanomaterials (MNMs) on the anaerobic digestion of wastewater via biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests for biogas production. The BMP assay was carried out with eight bioreactors, where each was charged with 50% wastewater and 30% activated sludge, leaving a headspace of 20%. Aside the control bioreactor, the other seven (7) bioreactors were dosed with 1.5 g of MNMs. This was operated under anaerobic conditions at a mesophilic temperature of 35 °C for 31 days. At the degree of 80% degradation of contaminants, the results that showed bioreactors charged with 1.5 g MNMs of TiO 2 photocatalyst composites were more effective than those constituting metallic composites, whereas the control achieved 65% degradation. Additionally, the bioreactor with magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) produced the highest cumulative biogas of 1172 mL/day. Kinetically, the modified Gompertz model favoured the cumulative biogas data obtained with a significant regression coefficient (R 2 ) close to one.

Keywords: anaerobic digestion; biochemical methane potential; chemical oxygen demand; nanomaterials; kinetics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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