Interactions between Self-Perceived Weight Status and Lifestyle Behaviors and Their Associations with Childhood Obesity: Results from the Childhood Obesity Study in China Mega-Cities

Liwang Gao, Jiang Zhu, Liang Wang, Li Ming Wen, Zhuo Chen, Bingtong Zhao, Weidong Wang and Youfa Wang ()
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Liwang Gao: Center for Non-Communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing 100045, China
Jiang Zhu: Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
Liang Wang: Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
Li Ming Wen: School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
Bingtong Zhao: Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China
Weidong Wang: Department of Sociology, School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100034, China
Youfa Wang: Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 16, 1-12

Abstract: This study investigated the interactions between self-perceived weight status and lifestyle behaviors, and their associations with childhood obesity among school children. Methods : Cross-sectional study data from a nationwide sample of 3258 participants (aged 8–15 years old) during 2015–2017 were used. Self-perceived weight status and lifestyle factors (dietary intake and physical activity) were assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Multivariable mixed-effects models tested the effect of interactions between weight self-perception and behavioral factors on overweight and obesity (ow/ob). Results : Overall ow/ob prevalence based on BMI was 30.9% (38.5% for boys, 23.0% for girls). Based on self-perceived weight status, ow/ob prevalence was 37.7% (35.8% for boys, 39.7% for girls). 41.2% of boys and 25.9% of girls underestimated their actual weight status. The interaction between self-perceived weight status and meat consumption was associated with ow/ob in boys, while the interaction between self-assessed weight status and protein foods and sedentary lifestyle were associated with ow/ob in girls. The attributable proportions of these three factors were 39.8%, 48.2%, and 34.6%, respectively. Conclusions : The self-perceived weight status was different from their actual weight status in children. The interactions between self-perceived weight status and lifestyle behaviors were associated with ow/ob. Health promotion programs that empower children to have appropriate self-awareness of weight status, eating, and physical activity behaviors need to be developed and implemented.

Keywords: overweight and obesity; weight self-perception; behavioral factors; adolescents; China (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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