CCL2 Gene Expression and Protein Level Changes Observed in Response to Wingate Anaerobic Test in High-Trained Athletes and Non-Trained Controls

Agnieszka Maciejewska-Skrendo (), Maciej Tarnowski, Patrycja Kopytko, Andrzej Kochanowicz, Jan Mieszkowski, Błażej Stankiewicz and Marek Sawczuk
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Agnieszka Maciejewska-Skrendo: Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
Maciej Tarnowski: Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Patrycja Kopytko: Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
Andrzej Kochanowicz: Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
Jan Mieszkowski: Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
Błażej Stankiewicz: Institute of Physical Culture, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-091 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Marek Sawczuk: Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 16, 1-14

Abstract: Intensive, acute exercise may bring a large systemic inflammatory response marked by substantial increases in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. One such chemokines–CCL2–is a key factor involved in inflammatory reaction to exercise. The direct aim of the study was to describe the changes in the CCL2 expression levels after anaerobic exercise in well-trained athletes adapted to long-term training and in non-trained participants. The expression of CCL2 mRNA was evaluated in peripheral blood MNCs and CCL2 protein level was observed in blood plasma. The changes were assessed as the response to an acute, intensive bout of exercise (Wingate Anaerobic Test) in two groups of participants: well-trained soccer players and non-trained individuals. An increase of CCL2 expression inn both mRNA and protein levels was observed. The response was greater in non-trained individuals and elevated levels of CCL2 transcripts persisted for more than 24 h after exercise. Well-trained individuals responded more modestly and the effect was attenuated relatively quickly. This shows muscular adaptation to a continuous training regime in well-trained individuals and better control of immune reactions to muscular injury. In non-training individuals, the induction of the inflammatory response was greater, suggesting presence of more serious myotrauma.

Keywords: CCL2; chemokine; gene expression; athletes; training adaptation; inflammatory response (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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