Identification of New Fusarium sulawense Strains Causing Soybean Pod Blight in China and Their Control Using Carbendazim, Dipicolinic Acid and Kojic Acid

Qing Sun, Shi-Ling Zhang, Yong-Jing Xie, Mei-Ting Xu, Daniela D. Herrera-Balandrano, Xin Chen, Su-Yan Wang (), Xin-Chi Shi () and Pedro Laborda ()
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Qing Sun: School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Shi-Ling Zhang: School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Yong-Jing Xie: School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Mei-Ting Xu: School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Daniela D. Herrera-Balandrano: School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Xin Chen: School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Su-Yan Wang: School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Xin-Chi Shi: School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
Pedro Laborda: School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 17, 1-17

Abstract: Soybean plants are highly susceptible to Fusarium species, which significantly reduce soybean production and quality. Several Fusarium species have been reported to synthesize mycotoxins, such as trichothecene, which have been related to major human diseases. In November 2021, soybean pods in Nantong municipality, China, showed black necrotic lesions during the harvest stage. The disease incidence reached 69%. The pathogen was identified as Fusarium sulawense via morphological analysis and sequencing of ITS , EF1-? and RPB2 genes. A PCR assay with primers targeting the trichothecene biosynthesis genes suggested that the three isolates could synthesize trichothecenes. The effectiveness of fungicide carbendazim and natural metabolites dipicolinic acid and kojic acid was screened for the management of F. sulawense on postharvest soybean pods. The highest efficacy was obtained when combining 3.8 mg/mL carbendazim and 0.84 mg/mL dipicolinic acid (curative efficacy: 49.1% lesion length inhibition; preventive efficacy: 82.7% lesion length inhibition), or 1.9 mg/mL carbendazim and 0.71 mg/mL kojic acid (preventive efficacy: 84.9% lesion length inhibition). Collectively, this report will lead to a better understanding of the safety hazards found in soybean products in China and reveals the application of dipicolinic and kojic acids to reduce the use of carbendazim.

Keywords: Fusarium species; soybean diseases; carbendazim; antifungal activity; causal agent; mycotoxins (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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