Social Isolation, Hospitalization, and Deaths from Cardiovascular Diseases during the COVID-19 Epidemic in São Paulo Metropolitan Area in 2020

Lucas Rodrigues de Lima, Paulo Francisco Auricchio da Ponte, Lucca Novais Dias, Marcelo Henrique Lima Silvestre, Paulo Jeng Chian Suen and Antonio de Padua Mansur ()
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Lucas Rodrigues de Lima: Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
Paulo Francisco Auricchio da Ponte: Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
Lucca Novais Dias: Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
Marcelo Henrique Lima Silvestre: Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
Paulo Jeng Chian Suen: Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
Antonio de Padua Mansur: Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 17, 1-8

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 epidemic overloaded the São Paulo metropolitan area (SPMA) health system in 2020. The leading hospitals directed their attention to patients with COVID-19. At the same time, the SPMA Health Secretary decreed social isolation (SI), which compromised the care for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), even though higher cardiovascular events were expected. Methods: This study analyzed mortality from CVD, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and stroke, along with hospital admissions for CVD, IHD, stroke, and SI in the SPMA in 2020. Data regarding hospitalization and mortality from CVD were obtained from the SPMA Health Department, and data regarding SI was obtained from the São Paulo Intelligent Monitoring System. Time-series trends were analyzed by linear regression, as well as comparisons between these trends. Results: there was an inverse correlation between SI and hospitalizations for CVD (R 2 = 0.70; p < 0.001), IHD (R 2 = 0.70; p < 0.001), and stroke (R 2 = 0.39; p < 0.001). The most significant hospitalization reduction was from March to May, when the SI increased from 43.07% to 50.71%. The increase in SI was also associated with a reduction in CVD deaths (R 2 = 0.49; p < 0.001), IHD (R 2 = 0.50; p < 0.001), and stroke (R 2 = 0.26; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Increased social isolation was associated with reduced hospitalizations and deaths from CVD, IHD, and stroke.

Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; ischemic heart diseases; cerebrovascular diseases; COVID-19; social isolation; mortality; hospitalizations (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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