Neurodevelopment Outcome in Children with Fetal Growth Restriction at Six Years of Age: A Retrospective Cohort Study

María José Benítez Marín (), Juan Antonio Blanco Elena, Jesús Marín Clavijo, Jesús Jiménez López, Daniel María Lubián López and Ernesto González Mesa
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María José Benítez Marín: Medicine School, Malaga University, 29071 Málaga, Spain
Juan Antonio Blanco Elena: Medicine School, Malaga University, 29071 Málaga, Spain
Jesús Marín Clavijo: Arts and Architecture Department, Málaga University, 29071 Málaga, Spain
Jesús Jiménez López: Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, 29011 Málaga, Spain
Daniel María Lubián López: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, University of Cadiz, 11407 Cadiz, Spain
Ernesto González Mesa: Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, 29011 Málaga, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 17, 1-17

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to describe neurodevelopment in fetal growth restriction children at the age of six. Secondly, we tried to demonstrate influencing factors that can improve or exacerbate this development, as well as predictive factors that might select a population at risk to assist with early childhood support. Method: It was a study of 70 children affected with FGR. FGR was based on these definitions: birth weight below the 3rd percentile or birth weight below the 10th percentile with an abnormal hemodynamic Doppler study. Neurodevelopment was assessed at 6 years old by means of Batelle Development Inventory. A global development quotient under a 100 score was considered a neurodevelopment delay. All variables regarding pregnancy care, delivery episode, postpartum, neonatal care, sociodemographic issues, and the need for support in the first years were studied. Results: The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 33.14 weeks (standard deviation (SD = 4.31), with 32.9% of early-onset diagnoses. The mean gestational age at delivery was 35.61 (SD = 3.21), and the cesarean rate was 64.3%. The average age of the children at the moment of the evaluation was 76.20-month-old (SD = 3.70). The mean global development quotient was 97.28 (SD = 13.97). We were able to record a 57.1% of global development delay. In the cases of cognition, only 17.1% of the children registered a delay. Motor and communication skills were the most frequently affected. We discovered that socioeconomic status was positively related to the global development quotient, as well as both gestational age at delivery and middle cerebral artery pulsatility index was positively related to the global development quotient. Conclusions: We found a higher neurodevelopment delay rate (57.1%). We could relate a higher gestational age at delivery and a higher MCA percentile with better global neurodevelopment quotients.

Keywords: fetal growth restriction; neurodevelopment; cognition; motor development; communicative development; development delay; brain sparing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:17:p:11043-:d:906016

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