Association between Short-Term Exposure to Ozone and Heart Rate Variability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhiqiang Zong, Mengyue Zhang, Kexin Xu, Yunquan Zhang () and Chengyang Hu ()
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Zhiqiang Zong: Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
Mengyue Zhang: Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
Kexin Xu: Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
Yunquan Zhang: School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
Chengyang Hu: Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 18, 1-17

Abstract: At present, ambient air pollution poses a significant threat to patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The heart rate variability (HRV) is a marker of the cardiac autonomic nervous system, and it is related to air pollution and cardiovascular disease. There is, however, considerable disagreement in the literature regarding the association between ozone (O 3 ) and HRV. To further investigate the effects of short-term exposure to O 3 on HRV, we conducted the first meta-analysis of relevant studies. The percentage change of HRV indicator(s) is the effect estimate extracted for the quantitative analysis in this study. In our meta-analysis, per 10 ppb increase in O 3 was significantly associated with decreases in the time-domain measurements, for standard deviation of the normal-to-normal (NN) interval (SDNN) −1.11% (95%CI: −1.35%, −0.87%) and for root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) −3.26% (95%CI: −5.42%, −1.09%); in the frequency-domain measurements, for high frequency (HF) −3.01% (95%CI: −4.66%, −1.35%) and for low frequency (LF) −2.14% (95%CI: −3.83%, −0.45%). This study showed short-term exposure to O 3 was associated with reduced HRV indicators in adults, which suggested that the cardiac autonomic nervous system might be affected after O 3 exposure, contributing to the association between O 3 exposure and CVD risk.

Keywords: ozone; heart rate variability; systematic review; meta-analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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