The Thermal Influence of an Electromagnetic Field with a Radio Frequency Depending on the Type of Electrode Used

Kamil Bryś (), Beniamin Oskar Grabarek (), Piotr Król, Rafał Staszkiewicz, Magdalena Wierzbik-Strońska and Tomasz Król
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Kamil Bryś: Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Academia of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
Beniamin Oskar Grabarek: Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Academia of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
Piotr Król: Institute of Sport Sciences, Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
Rafał Staszkiewicz: Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Academia of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
Magdalena Wierzbik-Strońska: Faculty of Medicine, Academia of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
Tomasz Król: Department of Kinesitherapy and Special Methods, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 18, 1-17

Abstract: Diathermy is a method used in physiotherapy based on obtaining an increase in temperature by supplying energy from the electromagnetic field to the tissues. The aim of this retrospective work, based on the data included in a medical documentation, was to assess the dynamics of temperature changes on the body surface after the application of a high-frequency electromagnetic field depending on the type of electrode used. In order to generate a radio frequency electromagnetic field, an INDIBA ACTIV ® CT9 was used. In order to measure the temperature, an HT-17 thermovision camera was used, enabling measurements within the range of −20 to 300 °C, with an accuracy of ±2% or 2 °C. The participants consisted of 30 healthy subjects (15 women and 15 men) who were physiotherapy students in the Faculty of Public Health in the Silesian Medical University in Katowice, Poland; they were divided into two comparative groups (A and B). It was found that the differences between the groups were not significant in the measurements carried out before using the electrode ( p = 0.84; Mann–Whitney U test). On the other hand, at 0, 5 and 15 min, statistically significant differences were noted in the tissue temperature between the groups, depending on the electrode used ( p = 0.00; Mann–Whitney U test). Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that with the extension of the observation time, the tissue temperature increased (for Group A, Me 30.40 °C vs. 34.90 °C; for Group B, Me 30.70 °C vs. 35.20 °C). Our study confirmed that the use of both a capacitive and resistive electrode during treatment with the use of a high-frequency electromagnetic field statistically significantly increased the surface temperature of the area to which the therapy was applied. The results of the study can be used in clinical practice by physiotherapists to optimize the conditions of therapy.

Keywords: diathermy; resistive electrode; capacitive electrode; tissue temperature; physiotherapy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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