Musculoskeletal Diseases Role in the Frailty Syndrome: A Case–Control Study

Francesco Cattaneo, Ilaria Buondonno, Debora Cravero, Francesca Sassi and Patrizia D’Amelio ()
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Francesco Cattaneo: Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
Ilaria Buondonno: Geriatric and Bone Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
Debora Cravero: Geriatric and Bone Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
Francesca Sassi: Geriatric and Bone Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
Patrizia D’Amelio: Geriatric and Bone Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-14

Abstract: Frailty syndrome severely burdens older age, and musculoskeletal diseases are of paramount importance in its development. The aim of this study is to unravel the contribution of musculoskeletal diseases to frailty syndrome. This is a case–control study, and we enrolled 55 robust community-dwelling age- and gender-matched patients, with 58 frail and pre-frail subjects. Frailty was diagnosed according to the Fried criteria (FP), and the Fragility Index (FI) was calculated. In all the subjects, a comprehensive geriatric assessment was carried out. Their nutritional status was evaluated by the Mini Nutritional Assessment and Bioelectrical Impedance Analyses. Their bone density (BMD), bone turnover, muscle mass, strength and performance were evaluated. Here, we show that the prevalence of frailty varies according to the diagnostic criteria used and that FP and FI showed a moderate to good agreement. Despite age and gender matching, frail subjects had lower muscle strength, performance and BMD. Their quality of life and cognitive performance were reduced in the frail subjects compared to the robust ones. Muscular strength and performance, together with mood, significantly predicted the diagnosis of frailty, whereas BMD and bone turnover did not. In conclusion, we show that sarcopenia plays a pivotal role in predicting the diagnosis of frailty, whereas osteoporosis does not.

Keywords: frailty; osteoporosis; sarcopenia; muscle; bone; fractures (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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