ECG Standards and Formats for Interoperability between mHealth and Healthcare Information Systems: A Scoping Review

Daniel Cuevas-González, Juan Pablo García-Vázquez (), Miguel Bravo-Zanoguera, Roberto López-Avitia, Marco A. Reyna (), Nestor Alexander Zermeño-Campos and María Luisa González-Ramírez
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Daniel Cuevas-González: Facultad de Ingeniería, MyDCI, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico
Juan Pablo García-Vázquez: Facultad de Ingeniería, MyDCI, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico
Miguel Bravo-Zanoguera: Facultad de Ingeniería, MyDCI, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico
Roberto López-Avitia: Facultad de Ingeniería, MyDCI, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico
Marco A. Reyna: Facultad de Ingeniería, MyDCI, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico
Nestor Alexander Zermeño-Campos: Facultad de Ingeniería, MyDCI, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico
María Luisa González-Ramírez: Facultad de Ingeniería, MyDCI, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-19

Abstract: Interoperability is defined as the ability of a system or device to communicate between different technologies and software applications. This allows the exchange and use of data in an efficient, precise, and robust way. The present article gives researchers and healthcare information systems developers a qualitative and quantitative synthesis of the state of knowledge related to data formats and data standards proposed for mHealth devices interoperability in healthcare information systems that retrieve and store ECG data. We carry out a scoping review to answer to following questions: (1) What digital data formats or data standards have been proposed for the interoperability of electrocardiograph data between traditional healthcare information systems and mobile healthcare information systems? (2) What are the advantages and disadvantages of these data formats or data standards? The scoping review was conducted in four databases in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews, and in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A total of 4018 studies were identified of which 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on our findings, we identify four standards and nine formats for capturing and storing streaming ECG data in mobile health applications. The standards used were HL7, SCP-ECG, x73-PHD, and PDF/A. Formats include CSV, PDF-ECG, and seven XML-based formats. These are ECG-XML, HL7-XML, mPCG-XML, mECGML, JSON, SaECG, and CDA R2.

Keywords: ECG; EKG; interoperability; standards; mobile health systems; healthcare information systems (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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