Effectiveness of Nitrate Intake on Recovery from Exercise-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Review

José M. Gamonales (), Daniel Rojas-Valverde (), Jesús Muñoz-Jiménez, Walter Serrano-Moreno and Sergio J. Ibáñez
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José M. Gamonales: Research Group in Optimization of Training and Sports Performance (GOERD), University of Extremadura, Av. De la Universidad, s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
Daniel Rojas-Valverde: Núcleo de Estudios Para el Alto Rendimiento y la Salud (NARS-CIDISAD), Escuela Ciencia del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida (CIEMHCAVI), Universidad Nacional, Heredia 863000, Costa Rica
Jesús Muñoz-Jiménez: Research Group in Optimization of Training and Sports Performance (GOERD), University of Extremadura, Av. De la Universidad, s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
Walter Serrano-Moreno: Posgrado en Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
Sergio J. Ibáñez: Research Group in Optimization of Training and Sports Performance (GOERD), University of Extremadura, Av. De la Universidad, s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-13

Abstract: Background: Recovery between efforts is critical to achieving optimal physical and sports performance. In this sense, many nutritional supplements that have been proven to improve recovery and physical and physiological performance are widely used. Supplements such as nitrates (NO 3 − ), including organic foods such as beets, promote muscle recovery and relieve fatigue. This study aimed to comprehensively summarise the available literature on the effect of NO 3 − consumption on exercise-related fatigue and muscle damage. Methods: A systematic search was carried out based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) using electronic databases (e.g., PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). From a total of 1634 studies identified, 15 studies were included in this review. Results: Based on the review, NO 3 − intake provokes physiological and metabolic responses that could potentially boost exercise-related recovery. NO 3 − could improve recovery indicators related to strength, pain, inflammation, and muscle damage. Conclusions: Despite the relative proven effectiveness of NO 3 − on recovery after aerobic and anaerobic efforts, based on the heterogeneity of the procedures (e.g., dosage, chronic vs. acute intake, participants’ characteristics, variables and outcomes), it could be premature to suggest its extended use in sports.

Keywords: supplement; anaerobic; beetroot; performance; training (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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