Medication Non-Adherence in Rheumatology, Oncology and Cardiology: A Review of the Literature of Risk Factors and Potential Interventions

Vicente F. Gil-Guillen (), Alejandro Balsa, Beatriz Bernárdez, Carmen Valdés y Llorca, Emilio Márquez-Contreras, Juan de la Haba-Rodríguez, Jose M. Castellano and Jesús Gómez-Martínez
Additional contact information
Vicente F. Gil-Guillen: Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 San Juan, Spain
Alejandro Balsa: Rheumatology Department, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain
Beatriz Bernárdez: Department of Oncologic Pharmacy, Santiago de Compostela University Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Carmen Valdés y Llorca: Fuencarral Health Center, 28034 Madrid, Spain
Emilio Márquez-Contreras: Molino de la Vega Health Center, 21002 Huelva, Spain
Juan de la Haba-Rodríguez: The Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
Jose M. Castellano: Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Jesús Gómez-Martínez: Communiy Pharmacist, 08013 Barcelona, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-23

Abstract: Medication adherence is directly associated with health outcomes. Adherence has been reviewed extensively; however, most studies provide a narrow scope of the problem, covering a specific disease or treatment. This project’s objective was to identify risk factors for non-adherence in the fields of rheumatology, oncology, and cardiology as well as potential interventions to improve adherence and their association with the risk factors. The project was developed in three phases and carried out by a Steering Committee made up of experts from the fields of rheumatology, oncology, cardiology, general medicine, and hospital and community pharmacy. In phase 1, a bibliographic review was performed, and the articles/reviews were classified according to the authors’ level of confidence in the results and their clinical relevance. In phase 2, 20 risk factors for non-adherence were identified from these articles/reviews and agreed upon in Steering Committee meetings. In phase 3, potential interventions for improving adherence were also identified and agreed upon. The results obtained show that adherence is a dynamic concept that can change throughout the course of the disease, the treatments, and other factors. Educational interventions are the most studied ones and have the highest level of confidence in the authors’ opinion. Information and education are essential to improve adherence in all patients.

Keywords: adherence; medication; treatment; compliance; rheumatology; oncology; cardiology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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