Gestational and Neonatal Outcomes in Cities in the Largest Coal Mining Region in Brazil

Renata Dupont Soares, Marina dos Santos, Fernando Rafael de Moura, Ana Luiza Muccillo-Baisch, Paulo Roberto Martins Baisch, Maria Cristina Flores Soares and Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior ()
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Renata Dupont Soares: Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil
Marina dos Santos: Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil
Fernando Rafael de Moura: Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil
Ana Luiza Muccillo-Baisch: Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil
Paulo Roberto Martins Baisch: Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil
Maria Cristina Flores Soares: Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil
Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior: Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-11

Abstract: Brazil has one of the largest mineral coal reserves in the world. More than 40% of this ore is in the Candiota Mine, in the extreme south of Brazil, which was previously identified as a hotspot of environmental pollution. In addition, an important part of Brazil’s population suffers from socioeconomic vulnerability. Since there is no information on unfavorable gestational and neonatal outcomes associated with these problems, we conducted a cross-sectional study with 1950 mother–child binomials, aiming to evaluate the association between these outcomes and air pollution as well as socioeconomic, demographic and health variables in seven cities in the region. Of the total births, 11.6% were preterm and 9.5% of neonates had low birth weight (<2500 g). These conditions were also associated with skin color, previous abortions, birth type and prenatal care, as well as exposure to higher levels of coarse particulate matter (PM 10 ) during the first trimester of pregnancy. Regarding air pollutants, although the daily limits for PM 10 were exceeded on less than 5% of days, the annual average overtook the values proposed by WHO. Thus, we concluded that prematurity and low birth weight in this region are related to air pollution, and to socioeconomic variables and health care.

Keywords: maternal exposure; newborn; prenatal care; environmental pollution; Candiota (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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