Effect of Core Balance Training on Muscle Tone and Balance Ability in Adult Men and Women

Sun-Ha Jo, Hyuk-Jae Choi, Hyeon-Seok Cho, Jin-Hwan Yoon and Won-Young Lee ()
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Sun-Ha Jo: Department of Advanced industry Convergence, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
Hyuk-Jae Choi: Department of Medical Convergence Research & Development, Rehabilitation Engineering Research Institute, Korea Workers’ Compensation & Welfare Service, Incheon 21419, Korea
Hyeon-Seok Cho: Department of Medical Convergence Research & Development, Rehabilitation Engineering Research Institute, Korea Workers’ Compensation & Welfare Service, Incheon 21419, Korea
Jin-Hwan Yoon: Institute of Sports Medicine, Hannam University, Daejeon 34430, Korea
Won-Young Lee: Institute of Sports Medicine, Hannam University, Daejeon 34430, Korea

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-11

Abstract: (1) Background: The amount of physical activity most adults perform is less than the recommended amount, and the resulting decrease in physical strength makes them vulnerable to various diseases. A decrease in muscle size and strength due to damage caused by disease or aging negatively affects functional strength. Muscle evaluation in adults can yield results that are predictive indicators of aging and unexpected disability. In addition, balance ability is essential to prevent falls and injuries in daily life and maintain functional activities. It is important to develop and strengthen balance in the lower extremities and core muscles to maintain and enhance overall body balance. This study aimed to analyze the effects of core balance training on muscle tone and balance ability in adults. (2) Methods: The participants of this study were 32 adult male and female university students (male: mean age = 21.3 ± 1.9 years, weight = 74.2 ± 12.6 kg, BMI = 23.4 + 2.5, n = 14; female: mean age = 21.0 ± 1.4 years, weight = 64.6 + 1.2 kg, BMI = 22.4 ± 2.4, n =18). Thirty-two adults (training group: 16, control group: 16; male: 16, female: 16) participated in the Myoton PRO (gastrocnemius lateral/medial, tibialis anterior), Pedalo balance system, and Y-balance test. (3) Results: The following results were obtained for muscle elasticity, stiffness, and dynamic/static balance ability after 10 weeks of core balance training. 1. There was no significant difference in muscle elasticity (gastrocnemius lateral/medial, tibialis anterior) ( p < 0.05). 2. Muscle stiffness (gastrocnemius lateral/medial, tibialis anterior) significantly increased ( p < 0.05). 3. Dynamic/static balance ability significantly increased ( p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: In future, data for the age and sex of various participants, should be accumulated by recruiting participants to study muscle characteristics, such as muscle elasticity and stiffness. Estimating the appropriate injury range and optimal exercise capacity is possible through follow-up studies. The findings can then be used as a basis for predicting injuries or determining and confirming the best time to resume exercise.

Keywords: core training; muscle tone; muscle stiffness; balance ability; Myoton PRO (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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