Pharmaceutical Incompatibility of Lubricating Gel Formulation Reduces Antibacterial Activity of Chlorhexidine Gluconate: In Vitro Study in Northern Thailand

Thanawat Pattananandecha, Sasithorn Sirilun, Sutasinee Apichai, Teerapat Ouirungroj, Phisit Uirungroj, Fumihiko Ogata, Naohito Kawasaki and Chalermpong Saenjum ()
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Thanawat Pattananandecha: Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Sasithorn Sirilun: Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Sutasinee Apichai: Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Teerapat Ouirungroj: Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Phisit Uirungroj: Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Fumihiko Ogata: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
Naohito Kawasaki: Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
Chalermpong Saenjum: Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-10

Abstract: Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is a cationic disinfectant. The positive charge of CHG molecules binds to phospholipid’s negative charge in bacterial cell walls, causing membrane disruption. The in vitro kinetic physical, chemical and biological incompatibilities of nine lubricating gels with 1% w / v CHG were investigated. Five containing anionic thickener, two containing nonionic thickener, and two containing cationic thickener were collected from hospitals in northern Thailand. All the anionic and nonionic lubricating gels significantly reduced ( p < 0.05) the CHG amount after 5 min of exposure time from 12.54% to 54.99%, respectively. In contrast, the amount of CHG exposed with cationic lubricating gels was maintained. Antibacterial activity was significantly reduced to a 1.17–4.33 log10 reduction for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 and a 1.07–3.52 log10 reduction for Escherichia coli ATCC25922 after 5 min exposure to all anionic and nonionic lubricating gels. In contrast, the two cationic lubricating gels maintained the antibacterial activity of the CHG solution (5.69 ± 0.14 and 5.45 ± 0.17 log10 reduction). The results suggest that anionic and nonionic thickeners in lubricating gel formulations may neutralize the positive charge and reduce the antibacterial activity of CHG, reducing its effectiveness as a disinfectant.

Keywords: chlorhexidine solution; lubricating gel; pharmaceutical incompatibility; antibacterial activity; thickening agent (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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