Spatial Allocation Method of Evacuation Guiders in Urban Open Public Spaces: A Case Study of Binjiang Green Space in Xuhui District, Shanghai, China

Yanyan Niu, Jia Yu (), Dawei Lu, Renwu Mu and Jiahong Wen
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Yanyan Niu: School of Environmental and Geographical Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
Jia Yu: School of Environmental and Geographical Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
Dawei Lu: School of Environmental and Geographical Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
Renwu Mu: School of Environmental and Geographical Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
Jiahong Wen: School of Environmental and Geographical Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-25

Abstract: Evacuation guiders play an important role when emergency events occur in urban open public spaces. Considering the shortcomings of the existing studies, an optimization method based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and gradual covering model for spatial allocation of evacuation guiders in urban open public spaces is proposed. This method considers the impact of obstacles on intervisibility between guiders and evacuees, and the non-linear changing characteristics of the evacuation guiding quality based on the distances between guiders and evacuees to optimize the space allocation of evacuation guiders in urban open public spaces. Based on the emergency evacuation simulation, the evacuation efficiencies before and after the optimization of evacuation guider allocation can be compared to verify the validity of the proposed method. Furthermore, in order to improve the applicability of this method, the responsibility areas of the evacuation guiders are zoned according to different time periods. A case study of Binjiang Green Space in Xuhui District, Shanghai, China was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. The results showed that the spatial allocation of evacuation guiders was highly correlated with the dynamic spatial change of evacuees. The reasonable spatial allocation optimization of evacuation guiders can effectively improve the emergency evacuation quality and reduce evacuation risks. The zoning of the evacuation guiders’ responsibility areas can help to clarify the responsibility area of each guider and provide a daily safety precaution scheme under a limited number of guiders. The method can provide detailed decision support for the security precaution of security staff and emergency evacuation management in urban open public spaces.

Keywords: urban open public space; emergency evacuation; evacuation guider; Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm; gradual covering model; responsibility area (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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