Effectiveness of Dry Needling and Ischemic Trigger Point Compression in the Gluteus Medius in Patients with Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Short-Term Clinical Trial

Sara Delgado Álvarez, Jorge Velázquez Saornil (), Zacarías Sánchez Milá, Gonzalo Jaén Crespo, Angélica Campón Chekroun, José Manuel Barragán Casas, Raúl Frutos Llanes and David Rodríguez Sanz
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Sara Delgado Álvarez: FisioSalud Ávila, 05002 Ávila, Spain
Jorge Velázquez Saornil: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Católica de Ávila, 05005 Ávila, Spain
Zacarías Sánchez Milá: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Católica de Ávila, 05005 Ávila, Spain
Gonzalo Jaén Crespo: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
Angélica Campón Chekroun: Campus San Jerónimo Guadalupe, Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
José Manuel Barragán Casas: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Católica de Ávila, 05005 Ávila, Spain
Raúl Frutos Llanes: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Católica de Ávila, 05005 Ávila, Spain
David Rodríguez Sanz: Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-17

Abstract: Background: The presence of latent myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the gluteus medius is one of the possible causes of non-specific low back pain. Dry needling (DN) and ischemic compression (IC) techniques may be useful for the treatment of these MTrPs. Methods: For this study, 80 participants were randomly divided into two groups: the dry needling group, who received a single session of DN to the gluteus medius muscle plus hyperalgesia ( n = 40), and the IC group, who received a single session of IC to the gluteus medius muscle plus hyperalgesia ( n = 40). Pain intensity, the pressure pain threshold (PPT), range of motion (ROM), and quality of life were assessed at baseline, immediately after treatment, after 48 h, and one week after treatment. Results: Statistically significant differences were shown between the two groups immediately after the intervention, showing a decrease in PPT ( p < 0.05) in the DN group and an increase in PPT in the IC group. These values increased more and were better maintained at 48 h and after one week of treatment in the DN group than in the IC group. Quality of life improved in both groups, with greater improvement in the DN group than in the IC group. Conclusions: IC could be more advisable than DN with respect to UDP and pain intensity in the most hyperalgesic latent MTrPs of the gluteus medius muscle in subjects with non-specific low back pain, immediately after treatment. DN may be more effective than IC in terms of PPT, pain intensity, and quality of life in treating latent plus hyperalgesic gluteus medius muscle MTrPs in subjects with non-specific low back pain after 48 h and after one week of treatment.

Keywords: low back pain; myofascial pain syndrome; trigger points; physiotherapy techniques; manual therapies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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