Short-Term Associations between Size-Fractioned Particles and Cardiopulmonary Function in COPD Patients: A Panel Study in Shanghai, China, during 2014–2021

Lu Zhou, Yingmin Tao, Xiaozhen Su, Xiyin Chen, Liang Li, Qingyan Fu, Juan Xie () and Renjie Chen
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Lu Zhou: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Yingmin Tao: Division of General Practice, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
Xiaozhen Su: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Xiyin Chen: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Liang Li: Division of General Practice, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
Qingyan Fu: Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200235, China
Juan Xie: Division of General Practice, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
Renjie Chen: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-12

Abstract: It remains unknown which size fractions dominate the adverse cardiopulmonary effects of particulate matter (PM). Therefore, this study aimed to explore the differential associations between size-fractioned particle number concentrations (PNCs) and cardiopulmonary function measures, including the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ), the forced vital capacity (FVC), and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). We conducted a panel study among 211 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Shanghai, China, between January 2014 and December 2021. We applied linear mixed-effect models to determine the associations between cardiopulmonary function measures and PNCs ranging from 0.01 to 10 μm in diameter. Generally, only particles <1 μm showed significant associations, i.e., ultrafine particles (UFPs, <0.1 μm) for FVC and particles ranging from 0.1 to 1 µm for FEV 1 and LVEF. An interquartile range (IQR) increment in UFP was associated with decreases of 78.4 mL in FVC. PNC 0.1–0.3 and PNC 0.3–1 corresponded to the strongest effects on FEV 1 (119.5 mL) and LVEF (1.5%) per IQR increment. Particles <1 µm might dominate the cardiopulmonary toxicity of PM, but UFPs might not always have the strongest effect. Tailored regulations towards particles <1 µm should be intensified to reduce PM pollution and protect vulnerable populations.

Keywords: size-fractioned particles; panel study; COPD; cardiopulmonary function (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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