Post-Isometric Back Squat Performance Enhancement of Squat and Countermovement Jump

Michał Spieszny, Robert Trybulski, Piotr Biel, Adam Zając and Michał Krzysztofik ()
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Michał Spieszny: Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
Robert Trybulski: Provita Zory Medical Center, 44-240 Zory, Poland
Piotr Biel: Department of Sport and Physical Education, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
Adam Zając: Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
Michał Krzysztofik: Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-11

Abstract: The effectiveness of isometric conditioning activity (CA) is not well described in terms of the level of performance enhancement and the presence of a stretch and shortening cycle in subsequent explosive tasks. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a maximum isometric squat as the CA and a subsequent squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) height. A total of 31 semi-professional handball and soccer players were randomly assigned to two different conditions: (i) 3 sets of 3 repetitions (each lasting 3 s) of maximum isometric back squats (EXP), and (ii) no CA (CTRL). The jump height measurements were performed 5 min before the CA and approximately at the 4th and 8th minute following the completion of the CA. Due to the high inter-individual variability in the potentiation responses, the best value obtained post-CA was also analyzed. The SJ height significantly increased from baseline to the 8th minute post-CA ( p = 0.004; ES = 0.31; ? = +3.1 ± 5.0%) in the EXP condition. On the other hand, the CMJ height was significantly higher in the 4th ( p = 0.001; ES = 0.23; ? = +2.7 ± 3.7%) and 8th minute post-CA ( p = 0.005; ES = 0.32; ? = +3.6 ± 5.7%) in comparison to baseline during the EXP condition. Furthermore, SJ height significantly increased from baseline to the best time-point during the EXP ( p < 0.001; ES = 0.47; ? = +4.9 ± 4.9%) and CTRL ( p = 0.038; ES = 0.21; ? = +2.5 ± 5.8%) condition. Moreover, the CMJ height was significantly higher at the best time-points than at the baseline during EXP ( p < 0.001; ES = 0.53; ? = +5.6 ± 4.7%) and CTRL ( p = 0.002; ES = 0.38; ? = +3.1 ± 5.2%) condition. The findings from this study indicate that a maximum isometric squat, used as a CA, effectively improved SJ and CMJ height. This suggests that the presence or absence of a stretch and shortening cycle in both CA and post-CA tasks does not significantly impact the post-activation performance enhancement response.

Keywords: PAPE; post-activation potentiation; countermovement jump; squat jump; complex training (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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