Exposition of Intermediate Hosts of Schistosomes to Niclosamide (Bayluscide WP 70) Revealed Significant Variations in Mortality Rates: Implications for Vector Control

Alvine Christelle Kengne Fokam (), Laurentine Sumo, Mohamed Bagayan, Hugues Clotaire Nana-Djeunga, Thomas Kuete, Gabriella S. Ondoua Nganjou, Murielle Carole Tchami Mbagnia, Linda Djune-Yemeli, Charles Sinclair Wondji and Flobert Njiokou ()
Additional contact information
Alvine Christelle Kengne Fokam: Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé P.O. Box 812, Cameroon
Laurentine Sumo: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Bambili P.O. Box 39, Cameroon
Mohamed Bagayan: Animal Biology and Ecology Laboratory, University of Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou P.O. Box 7021, Burkina Faso
Hugues Clotaire Nana-Djeunga: Centre for Research on Filariasis and Other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé P.O. Box 5797, Cameroon
Thomas Kuete: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala P.O. Box 24157, Cameroon
Gabriella S. Ondoua Nganjou: Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé P.O. Box 812, Cameroon
Murielle Carole Tchami Mbagnia: Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé P.O. Box 812, Cameroon
Linda Djune-Yemeli: Centre for Research on Filariasis and Other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaoundé P.O. Box 5797, Cameroon
Charles Sinclair Wondji: Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon
Flobert Njiokou: Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé P.O. Box 812, Cameroon

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 19, 1-10

Abstract: (1) Background: Schistosomiasis remains a public health issue in Cameroon. Snail control using Niclosamide can prevent schistosome transmission. It is safe to determine lethal concentrations for the population. This study aimed at assessing the toxicity of Niclosamide on different developmental stages of snail populations; (2) Methods: Snails were collected, identified, and reared in the laboratory. Egg masses and adult snails were exposed to Niclosamide, at increasing concentrations (0.06, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1 mg/L for egg embryos and 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, 0.12, 0.14, 0.16, 0.18, 0.2 mg/L for adults). After 24 h exposure, egg masses and snails were removed from Niclosamide solutions, washed with source water and observed; (3) Results: Snail susceptibility was species and population dependent. For egg embryos, Biomphalaria pfeifferi was the most susceptible (LC 50 : 0.1; LC 95 : 6.3 mg/L) and Bulinus truncatus the least susceptible (LC 50 : 4.035; LC 95 : 228.118 mg/L). However, for adults, B. truncatus was the most susceptible (mortality rate: 100%). The LC 50 and LC 95 for Bi. camerunensis eggs were 0.171 mg/L and 1.102 mg/L, respectively, and were higher than those obtained for adults (0.0357 mg/L and 0.9634 mg/L); (4) Conclusion: These findings will guide the design of vector control strategies targeting these snail species in Cameroon.

Keywords: schistosomiasis; snail control; Niclosamide; lethal concentrations; Cameroon (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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